THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN DRIVING SUSTAINABILITY PRACTICES AND GREEN BUSINESS ADOPTION AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN DEVELOPED NATIONS

Abstract

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in developed economies but also contribute significantly to environmental degradation. Shifting SMEs towards sustainable practices is vital for achieving global climate goals. Digital technology offers strong potential to support this transition, yet uptake remains limited. This study explores how technology adoption and access to technology education influence sustainability and green business models in SMEs, while also examining economic, technical, and organisational barriers. A systematic review of 84 peer-reviewed articles (2010–2025) reveals that both technology use and education are positively linked to improved sustainability and innovation. However, challenges such as high costs, skills gaps, and policy uncertainty hinder progress. The findings highlight the need for supportive ecosystems, comprising effective policies, education, and financial incentives to enable SMEs to adopt greener practices. Strategic recommendations are offered for policymakers, SME leaders, and educators.