DIGITAL ETHICS IN VIRTUAL CLASSROOMS AND EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY: NAVIGATING CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Abstract

The rapid integration of educational technology and virtual classrooms has transformed the teaching and learning landscape, offering new opportunities for access, flexibility, and engagement. However, this transformation also raises significant ethical concerns regarding privacy, equity, data protection, academic integrity, and teacher-student interactions. This paper examines the digital ethics challenges associated with virtual learning environments and educational technology. Drawing from existing literature, it explores ethical frameworks, stakeholder responsibilities, and best practices to foster a responsible digital learning culture. The study adopts a qualitative methodology, analyzing secondary data from peer-reviewed journals, case studies, and policy documents. Findings highlight widespread concerns about surveillance, the digital divide, consent, and algorithmic bias. Extended analysis includes international and Nigerian case studies, emerging technologies, and strategic frameworks for the next decade of digital education. The paper concludes with recommendations for educators, institutions, and developers to uphold ethical standards in virtual learning, promoting equity, trust, and educational effectiveness.