INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP, BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
The International Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Scientific Research (IJEBSR) is a highly visible and indexed bi-monthly publication of the Institute of Education, Management and Professional Studies (IEMPS). This publication is a clear demonstration to the actualization of one of our objectives to provide both online and offline journals for the publication of multidisciplinary research articles in order to support research and innovation and make significant contribution to the body of knowledge globally.
Institute of Education, Management and Professional Studies
EFFECTS OF REMOTE WORK ON EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY AND JOB SATISFACTION IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION, KEBBI STATE
This study examined the effect of remote work on employee productivity and job satisfaction in Colleges of Education in Kebbi State. The study adopted a correlational research design to explore the relationships among remote work, productivity, and job satisfaction. The population comprised 450 employees (academic and non-academic staff) across three selected Colleges of Education, from which a sample of 150 employees was drawn using stratified random sampling to ensure proportional representation across departments. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled “Remote Work, Productivity and Job Satisfaction Scale (RWPJSS)”, which was validated by experts in educational management and organizational psychology to ensure content validity. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed through a pilot study, yielding a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.86, indicating high internal consistency. Data collection involved administering the questionnaire directly to respondents and retrieving completed copies for analysis. The data were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient to test the hypotheses and answer the research questions. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between remote work and employee productivity, as well as between remote work and job satisfaction, suggesting that remote work arrangements enhance employees’ performance and well-being. Additionally, a strong positive relationship was observed between employee productivity and job satisfaction, indicating that satisfied employees are more productive. The study concluded that remote work can serve as an effective strategy to improve performance and satisfaction in tertiary institutions. It recommended that college administrators implement structured remote work policies, provide adequate technological support, and promote work-life balance initiatives to optimize employee outcomes in Colleges of Education in Kebbi State.
Remote work, Employee productivity, Job satisfaction, Colleges of Education
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CLOTHING AND TEXTILE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A TOOL FOR YOUTH EMPOWERMENT AND ECONOMIC RESILIENCE IN ABIA STATE, NIGERIA
Youth unemployment and economic vulnerability remain persistent challenges in many developing economies, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria and similar contexts, the clothing and textile sector presents significant but underutilized opportunities for youth empowerment, job creation, and economic resilience. This paper adopts a conceptual and policy-oriented approach to examine clothing and textile entrepreneurship as a strategic tool for empowering young people and strengthening economic resilience. Drawing on relevant literature, development theories, and policy documents, the study explores the nexus between youth entrepreneurship, skills acquisition, value-chain participation, and sustainable economic development. The paper argues that clothing and textile entrepreneurship, when supported by appropriate policies, training frameworks, and innovation-driven practices, can serve as a viable pathway for reducing youth unemployment, enhancing self-reliance, and promoting inclusive economic growth. The study concludes with policy recommendations aimed at governments, educational institutions, and development agencies on how to reposition clothing and textile entrepreneurship for sustainable youth empowerment and long-term economic resilience.
Clothing and Textile Entrepreneurship, Youth Empowerment, Economic Resilience, Skills Development, Sustainable Development
EFFECT OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ SKILL ACQUISITION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ENGAGEMENT IN HOME ECONOMICS IN UMUAHIA NORTH LGA OF ABIA STATE
This study investigated the effect of Project-Based Learning (PBL) strategy on students’ skill acquisition and entrepreneurial engagement in Home Economics among Junior Secondary II (JSS II) students in Umuahia North Local Government Area of Abia State. The study adopted a pretest–posttest non-equivalent quasi-experimental design involving 76 students purposively selected from two public secondary schools. One intact class (n = 40) was taught using the PBL strategy (experimental group), while another class (n = 36) received conventional lecture instruction (control group). Data were collected using a structured Home Economics Achievement Test (HMAT), which was face and content validated by three experts and had a reliability coefficient of 0.76. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at a 0.05 level of significance, with pretest scores serving as covariates. The findings revealed that students exposed to PBL demonstrated higher posttest mean scores and mean gains in both skill acquisition (X̅ = 25.20; gain = 12.30) and entrepreneurial engagement (X̅ = 23.10; gain = 12.30) compared to those taught with the lecture method (skill: X̅ = 18.50; gain = 5.50; entrepreneurial engagement: X̅ = 16.40; gain = 5.50). ANCOVA results confirmed that these differences were statistically significant (skill acquisition: F = 252.20, p < 0.05; entrepreneurial engagement: F = 237.20, p < 0.05). The study concluded that Project-Based Learning is a highly effective instructional strategy for enhancing practical skills and fostering entrepreneurial engagement among secondary school students in Home Economics. It recommended that Home Economics teachers should implement Project-Based Learning (PBL) strategies in the classroom to improve students’ practical skills and entrepreneurial engagement.
PBL, Home Economics, Skill Acquisition, Entrepreneurial Engagement
INFLUENCE OF ETHICAL COMPLIANCE IN BUDGETARY ALLOCATION AND DISBURSEMENT ON LECTURERS’ PRODUCTIVITY IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE
This study examined the influence of ethical compliance in budgetary allocation and disbursement on lecturers’ productivity in public universities in Rivers State. The research was guided by two research questions and two null hypotheses and employed a descriptive survey design to collect and analyze data. The population comprised 3,356 lecturers across three public universities: University of Port Harcourt (1,385), Rivers State University (1,585), and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (386). Using Taro Yamane’s formula, a sample size of 357 lecturers was determined. Through proportionate stratified sampling, 147 lecturers were drawn from the University of Port Harcourt, 169 from Rivers State University, and 41 from Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, with the final sample consisting of 140 male and 217 female lecturers. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire titled Influence of Ethical Compliance in Budgetary Allocation and Disbursement on Lecturers’ Productivity in Public Universities Questionnaire, reviewed by two experts in Measurement and Evaluation at Rivers State University. Reliability was established using the Cronbach Alpha method, yielding a coefficient of 0.83. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were applied to answer the research questions, while z-test statistics tested the hypotheses at the 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that financial transparency compliance in budgetary allocation and accountability compliance in fund disbursement significantly and positively influenced lecturers’ productivity. Based on the findings, it was recommended that public universities adopt robust financial transparency frameworks that strengthen accountability in budgetary processes, ensuring efficiency, openness, and trust in financial management.
Ethical Compliance, Budgetary Allocation, Fund Disbursement, Financial Transparency, Lecturers’ Productivity.
Copyright (c) 2025 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP, BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ENTREPRENEURIAL TRUSTWORTHINESS PRACTICE AND PERFORMANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES IN RIVERS STATE.
This study investigated Entrepreneurial Trustworthiness Practice and Performance among Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Rivers State. The study was guided by three hypotheses and objectives. The study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial trustworthiness and performance among SMSEs. The anchored on the theory of entrepreneurship exposure. The study adopted correlational and cross-sectional research design. The population of the study was 12,964 SMSEs with a sample size of 390 SMSEs, and stratified random technique was used, structured questionnaire with 4 Likert scale was used as main source of data collection. PPMCC was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level with the help of SPSS model. The findings of this study revealed that there was a low positive significant relationship between trustworthiness and financial performance. The findings of this study showed that there was a low positive significant relationship between trustworthiness and market performance, customer satisfaction among SMSEs in Rivers State. The study concluded that entrepreneurial trustworthiness practice is inevitable for the success of SMEs. Based on this, the study further recommended that entrepreneurs, managers, employees, parents and society should practice the principles of ethics on their daily activity for the success among SMSEs and society at large.
Customer satisfaction, Financial Performance, Market Performance, performance, Trustworthiness
SUSTAINABLE HUMAN RELATIONS MANAGEMENT: ENHANCING WORKPLACE ETHICS AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN A GLOBALIZED ERA
Sustainable Human Resource Management (SHRM) is widely acknowledged for fostering enduring organizational success; however, its global connections to workplace ethics and employee engagement remain underexplored. This study examines the relationship between SHRM practices and employee engagement, and the influence of workplace ethics on this relationship. Drawing on stakeholder and social exchange theories, the research demonstrates that an ethical workplace climate underpins SHRM practices, including human capital development, employee well-being, work-life balance, and ethical leadership, thereby enhancing employee engagement. A cross-sectional survey of employees from selected private organizations in Rivers State was conducted to analyze these relationships. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between SHRM practices and employee engagement and further suggest that ethical behavior shapes this association. The findings show that ethical conduct enhances employee engagement and that sustainability-oriented HRM practices can leverage ethics to improve organizational outcomes. This study contributes to the sustainable HRM literature by providing empirical evidence from Rivers State and offering practical recommendations for business owners, policymakers, and organizations seeking to implement ethically sustainable HR practices that foster engagement and resilience.
Sustainable, Human Resource Management, Employee Engagement, Workplace, Ethics.
SUPERVISORY MECHANISMS AND ETHICAL ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE UTILIZATION OF INTERNALLY GENERATED REVENUE (IGR) OF UNIVERSITIES IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
This study investigated supervisory mechanisms and ethical accountability in the utilization of Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) of universities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Two (2) research questions and 2 hypotheses were used. The descriptive survey research design was used. The population of the study consisted of 127 administrative and academic staff of universities in Bayelsa State. A sample size of 127 administrative and academic staff representing 100% of the population served as respondents. The census sampling technique was employed. A 12-item questionnaire was used for data collection. Mean and standard deviation were used for the research questions and z-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result among others revealed that, universities do not often practice whistle-blowing/protected reporting channels, independent audit committees within Governing Councils and they do not regularly publish financial reports on IGR use on their websites annually. Some of the notable challenges are cultural norms/tacit acceptance of unethical practices, low ICT adoption/fragmented financial management systems which influences revenue generation and allocation. It was recommended that, the state government need to desist from all sorts of political manipulations and universities should regularly publish financial reports on IGR use on their websites annually.
Supervisory Mechanisms, Ethical Accountability, Utilization of IGR, Universities and Challenges.
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR ALIGNING HIGHER EDUCATION WITH LABOUR MARKET DEMAND IN THE 21ST CENTURY IN NIGERIA
The concern of this study is on the innovative strategies for aligning higher education with labour market demand in the 21st century in Nigeria using the correlational research design. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire. The study adopted the mean and standard deviation statistical tools to answer the research questions and tested the single hypothesis with the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed a very strong and significant relationship between innovative strategies in higher education and labour market demand in Nigeria (r = 0.998; p < 0.05). The study concluded that Education is the most significant pillar that underpins individual, societal and economic growth and development of any nation, therefore it should be given all it takes and that aligning Nigeria higher education with labour market demand is crucial for driving economic growth, reducing unemployment and improving living standards. Based on the findings in this study, it is majorly recommended that the government should involve employers and external bodies in higher education programmes and curriculum development and try to implement industry based curriculum that will incorporate digital skills and emerging technologies.
Higher Education, Innovative Strategies, Aligning, Labour Market Demand
LEADERSHIP FOR SUSTAINABILITY: COMPETENCIES AND DEVELOPMENT PATHWAYS FOR SCHOOL PRINCIPALS
The increasing complexity of global challenges like climate change, resource depletion, biodiversity loss, inequality, and social instability has positioned schools as key institutions for cultivating sustainability-oriented knowledge, values, and actions. School principals, as central agents of school transformation, require renewed leadership competencies that move beyond managerial efficiency toward systemic, future-oriented, and ethically grounded forms of sustainability leadership. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of sustainability leadership in education by: (1) critically synthesizing global scholarship on sustainability competencies, (2) contextualizing those competencies for school principalship, and (3) proposing multilayered development pathways; pre-service, in-service, and policy/system-level supports. Drawing on a large body of evidence from educational leadership, sustainability science, and ESD (Education for Sustainable Development), the article offers an expanded competency framework for principals, encompassing systems, futures, normative, strategic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, implementation, integration, and socio-political competencies. It argues that advancing sustainability leadership requires not only individual competence but also supportive institutional cultures, collaborative structures, and enabling policies. Implications for policymakers, scholars, and professional development providers are presented, emphasizing the need for long-term, practice-based leadership formation grounded in ethical, ecological, and equity-oriented principles.
School Principals, Sustainable Leadership, Sustainability Competencies, Education for Sustainable Development, Professional Development, School Leadership
ICT FACILITIES UTILIZATION: A VITAL TOOL FOR TRANSFORMATION OF TEACHING AND LEARNING OF OTM COURSES IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA.
The study investigated the ICT facilities utilization as vital tools for transformation of teaching and learning of OTM courses in tertiary institutions in Delta State. Two purposes of the study was raised. Two research questions guided the study. Two hypotheses was formulated for the study. The population comprised of 205 OTM lecturers from tertiary institutions in Delta State. The population size was manageable hence the researcher used census sampling techniques to find out the opinions of the entire population. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection which was validated by two lecturers. Data collected were analyzed using mean ratings and standard deviation. T- test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that, in OTM, ICT resources both hardware and software are being used on high degree in teaching. The study recommended among others that there is need to provide regular ICT training and support, encouraging the use of ICT facilities in teaching and learning and developing an ICT integration plan for OTM education. The findings contributed to the body of knowledge on ICT facilities utilization in teaching OTM courses and provided insights for educators, administrators and policymakers seeking to enhance OTM education in tertiary institutions in Nigeria.
ICT facilities, OTM, Hardware, Software, ICT Integration
WORKPLACE ETHICS AND ENGAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG HEADS OF DEPARTMENT IN FACULTIES OF EDUCATION IN UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE
This study examined Workplace Ethics and Engagement Practices among Heads of Department in Faculties of Education in Universities in Rivers State, using an analytic descriptive survey design. Two research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The population comprised all HoDs in Faculties of Education across three selected Rivers State universities, and a census approach was adopted due to the manageable size of respondents. A researcher-developed instrument titled Workplace Ethics and Administrator Engagement Questionnaire (WEAEQ), structured on a four-point Likert scale, was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts in Educational Management and Measurement and Evaluation, and reliability was established using Cronbach Alpha coefficients of 0.81 and 0.78 for the two main sections. Data were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while two-way factorial ANOVA tested the hypotheses at 0.05 significance level. Results showed that HoDs generally demonstrated fairness and respect in their engagement practices. No significant differences were found in fairness across universities and ranks, while respect varied significantly across academic ranks, with Professors and Associate Professors demonstrating higher levels of respect than Senior Lecturers. It was recommended that universities should institutionalize fairness policies in departmental administration, strengthen leadership training, and adopt mentorship programmes where senior HoDs guide junior ones in respect-based leadership practices.
Workplace Ethics, Fairness, Respect, Administrator, Engagement Practices.
THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY IN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS IN NIGERIA
The study examined the role of institutional quality in foreign direct investment inflows in Nigeria over the period 1996 to 2024. The specific objectives of the study were to find out whether control of corruption (COC), government effectiveness (GOE), political stability (PST), regulatory quality (REQ), and rule of law (ROL) significantly affect foreign direct investment (FDI) in Nigeria. To this end, the fully modified least square (FMOLS) econometric analysis was utilized in the analysis of data. The results obtained revealed that control of corruption (COC) and regulatory quality (REQ) are significantly and positively related to FDI; political stability (PST) and rule of law (ROL) had significant inverse effect on FDI; while regulatory quality (REQ) had a weak inverse relationship with FDI inflow. Based on these outcome, the study concluded that, in the determination of FDI inflow in Nigeria, regulatory quality factors such as control of corruption, regulatory quality, political stability (PST) and rule of law are potent drivers that should be seriously handled by the government and relevant policy makers in the country. The study recommends among others that, the Nigerian government should prioritize regulatory quality by improving the clarity, consistency, and fairness of regulations to reduce uncertainty and costs for foreign investors. This steps will constantly make the domestic economy to be more attractive to foreign investors, ultimately increase FDI inflows.
Institutional Quality, Rule of Law, Control of Corruption, Regulatory Quality, FDI
ROLE OF ICT COMPETENCE OF SCHOOL SUPERVISORS IN ENHANCING EFFECTIVE EDUCATIONAL MONITORING
This study examined the influence of ICT competence on the effectiveness of educational monitoring among school supervisors in Nigerian public secondary schools. The study explored how supervisors’ digital skills and the use of ICT-based supervision tools affect the quality, timeliness, and accuracy of monitoring outcomes. A quantitative descriptive survey design was employed, involving a population of 210 school supervisors across Lagos State. Using Yamane’s (1967) formula, a sample of 136 was selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.87 and 0.82) and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0, employing both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed a strong, positive correlation (r = 0.684, p < 0.05) between ICT competence and effective educational monitoring. Regression analysis further showed that ICT-based tools significantly influenced monitoring efficiency (F = 73.289, p < 0.05), explaining 37.3% of the variance in outcomes. Study concludes that ICT competence is a crucial enabler of adequate supervision, enhancing timeliness, feedback quality, and data accuracy. It recommends continuous ICT training for supervisors, provision of digital infrastructure, and integration of ICT-based frameworks into educational supervision policies to ensure sustainable quality assurance in Nigeria’s education system.
ICT competence, educational monitoring, School supervision, Technological Acceptance Model, Public secondary schools
KEKE BAN POLICY AND PERFORMANCE OF SMES WITHIN YENAGOA METROPOLIS OF BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
The study was carried out to assess the effects of the ban on Keke (tricycle taxi) on small and medium-scaled enterprises (SMEs) in the Yenagoa metropolis. The study’s specific objectives were to evaluate the socio-economic impacts of the Keke ban on consumers' access to SMEs, examine the extent to which the Keke ban policy has affected the performance of SMEs, and access the socio-economic impacts of the Keke ban policy on employment levels of SMEs within the Yenagoa metropolis. To this end, the cross-sectional research design was adopted. The population of the study was three hundred persons made up of SMEs managers, owners and employees. The Taro Yemen formula was employed to determine a sample size of one hundred and seventy-one respondents while simple random sampling technique was used. Data was collected from a structured questionnaire and were analysed descriptively with simple percentage tables while hypothesis were tested with Chi-square analysis. The Keke ban has significantly increased transportation costs, reduced customer access, disrupted SME operations, and negatively impacted employment, ultimately harming business profitability and worsening economic strain on SMEs and workers. To mitigate the negative impacts of the Keke ban, authorities should introduce subsidized transport options like regulated mini-buses, provide financial support such as tax reliefs and low-interest loans to affected SMEs, and encourage businesses to implement workforce mobility solutions like employee shuttles or transport allowances.
Ban policy, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Socio-Economic, Performance, Urban Transportation.
LEVERAGING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS FOR TEACHERS’ INSTRUCTIONAL DELIVERY IN STRENGTHENING GLOBAL BEST PRACTICES IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS.
The study investigated leveraging artificial intelligence tools for teachers’ instructional delivery in strengthening global best practices in public senior secondary schools in Port Harcourt metropolis. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The study was guided by two objectives, research questions, and two hypotheses. The population of the study stood at 1,899 while the sample size stood at 330. Cronback Alpha was employed to test the reliability and a reliability coefficient of 0.89 was obtained. Mean and standard deviation was employed in answering the research questions while hypotheses was tested using z test at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that grade- scope and class craft influence teachers’ instructional delivery in Public Senior Secondary Schools in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The study therefore recommended among others that Schools should promote collaborative teaching models where AI supports personalized instruction, identifies learning gaps, and offers real-time feedback, while teachers focus on mentoring, emotional support, and critical thinking development.
Leveraging, Artificial Intelligence Tools, Teacher, Instructional Delivery
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF PORT CONGESTION IN NIGERIA: THE WAY FORWARD
The paper examined the causes and effects of port congestion in Nigeria. The descriptive research design was deplored just as the population of the study was 489 comprising dockworkers and managers from the six major seaports in the country, which also formed sample size. Two objectives and commensurate research questions and hypotheses guided it. A well-structured instrument entitled “Causes and Effects of Port Congestion Questionnaire (CEPCQ)” was prepared for the study. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while the hypotheses were analyzed using z-test statistical tool at 0.05 level of significance with aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) Version, 23. The result found that technical inefficiency, freight volume, quay crane equipment, physical and soft infrastructure, customer clearance procedure, container cargo dwell time, vessels and truck turnaround time and integrated IT system are among the causes of port congestion. It was recommended among others that the federal government in collaboration with port stakeholders should train dockworkers with requisite information communication technology as this will enable them to improve on their skills and contribute to the growth and profitability of ports. Also, there should be periodic check by government on the ports to ensure better operations.
Decking, Dwell Time, Ports, Ports Congestion, Ship,
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES ON PERFORMANCE OF SECURITY AGENCIES IN DEVELOPING ECONOMIES
The performance of security agencies hinges not only on technological advancements and tactical operations but equally on the quality of human capital management thus, the paper examined how human resource practices impacts on the performance of security agencies in developing economies. The study adopted a descriptive and correlational survey design with a structured questionnaire administered to personnel from selected Nigerian security agencies. Using stratified random sampling with proportionate allocation, 316 questionnaires were distributed, and 297 copies successfully retrieved. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression techniques were employed for data analysis and the result revealed that all human resource practices variables had significant positive relationships with performance outcomes. Training and development, and employee relations were identified as the strongest predictors of agency performance in developing climes. Also, the regression model accounted for 62% of the variance in performance, indicating a substantial influence of human resource practices. Thus the study concluded that effective human resource management is critical to enhancing operational and institutional performance of security agencies in developing economies. The paper recommended for improved investment in staff development, transparent recruitment, fair performance appraisal systems, and stronger employee engagement mechanisms as key to boosting performance.
Contextual performance, Employee performance, Innovative performance, Security agency, Task performance.
INADEQUATE FUNDING IN MANAGING EDUCATION: OPPORTUNITIES, INNOVATIONS AND CHALLENGES
This paper examined inadequate funding in education, its opportunities, innovations and challenges in Nigeria. Inadequate funding is a key issue affecting educational growth and development in Nigeria. The inability of government to step up its budgetary allocation to education to meet the UNESCO recommendation of 26% is hindering the effective management of education. From 2015 to 2025 the budgetary allocation for education decreased from 10.75% to 5.47% of the national budget leading to poor quality of education. This study therefore discussed the reasons for inadequate funding in education, the impact of inadequate funding in education. The opportunities of inadequate funding in education which include capacity building, community engagement, finance management etc. where discussed. Various innovative strategies to inadequate funding such as creation of self-sustaining revenue source, strategic management process etc., as well as the challenges faced as a result of inadequate funding were equally discussed. It was concluded that education deserve more than the current budgetary allocation to ensure sustainable growth and development. Hence, budgetary allocation for education should be raised to at least 20% of the total budget, and its proper management. Also, educational managers should consider other means of generating revenue for schools other than relying on federal allocation, as well as, set up a special and independent task force to monitor educational funding and management to ensure compliance to funding provisions.
DIGITAL ETHICS IN VIRTUAL CLASSROOMS AND EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
The rapid growth of educational technology and teaching resources and the inclusion/adoption of virtual classrooms have changed how teaching and learning takes place globally. The expansion of virtual classrooms and educational technologies has reshaped learning by increasing accessibility, flexibility and interaction among teachers and learners. While technological tools enhance accessibility, collaboration and personalised learning there are ethical considerations that must be addressed to ensure equitable and responsible digital learning environment. Key considerations include data privacy, digital balance, surveillance, academic integrity, AI bias and emotional impacts of constant connectivity. Institutions, policymakers are faced with the challenge of balancing technological innovations with respect for students rights and well-being. This paper looks at the ethical dimensions of digital education, emphasising the importance of establishing all embracing policies, fostering digital literacy and improving ethical literacy and improving ethical design in educational platforms. By adopting a principled approach to digital ethics, educators can create virtual learning environments that are not only technologically advanced but also socially just and ethnically sustainable.
Digital ethics, Virtual Classrooms, Educational Technology, Data Privacy, Academic Integrity.
SOCIAL JUSTICE AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN NEMBE BAYELSA STATE
Cholera (Blue Death) outbreaks peak during the dry season in Nembe, an oil rich communities intermittently / seasonally underscored the desire to investigate the social justice and climate change in Nembe Bayelsa State. This study was a descriptive survey based in Nembe, Bayelsa State. The respondents comprised 400 cholera victims drawn from 10 compounds in Nembe both Bassambiri and Ogbolomabiri using purposive sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaire from the respondents. And were presented in tables and discussed using the percentage method. Findings confirmed that the sole cause of cholera is shortage of clean and drinkable water orchestrated by climate change and the faulty pipe – borne water, the only sources of drinkable water of the both communities and neglect of the multi-national oil companies operating in the territories. Ipso factor, On account of these findings the study suggests that the existing pipe borne water of both communities (Bassambiri and Ogbolomabiri) be overhauled and a better potable water be drilled in the two communities for prevalence of social justice.
Social justice, climate change, Cholera, Nembe, Bayelsa State.
WORK LIFE INTEGRATION AND TEAM MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IMO STATE
This study examined the relationship between work-life integration and team management in public senior secondary schools in Imo State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the investigation. A correctional research design was adopted. The population consisted of 8,201 teachers across 396 public senior secondary schools, from which a proportionate sample of 410 public senior secondary schools, from which a proportionate sample of 410 teachers was drawn. Data were collected using a self-developed instrument title work-life integration and Team Management Questionnaire. The internal consistency of the instrument, assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, yielded reliability coefficients of 0.82 for work-life integration and 0.81 for team management. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation was used to answer the research questions, while Z-ratio statistics tested the hypotheses at the 0.05 level significance. The study was motivated by increasing concerns regarding teacher burnout, declining morale, poor teamwork, heavy workloads, inadequate communication and difficulties integrating professional and personal responsibilities. Findings revealed a significant positive relationship between collaboration and teacher productivity. The study concluded that effective work-life integration and team management-characterized by collaboration, communication, division of labour, social support, dedication and management of domestic responsibilities enhance teacher productivity. It was recommend that teachers strengthen collaboration with colleagues and key stakeholders to improve productivity in public senior secondary schools.
Work-life, Integration, Team Management, Public Secondary Schools
ADMINISTRATIVE AUTONOMY AND EXTERNAL INTERFERENCE IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS IN BAYELSA STATE
This paper critically examines administrative autonomy and external interference in higher institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. It explores the concept of autonomy as the institutional right of tertiary schools to manage their internal affairs such as personnel administration, academic programs, and financial management without undue external influence. External interference is defined as political, community, or donor influence that undermines the authority of educational managers and disrupts institutional independence. The study identifies key causes of interference, including weak oversight mechanisms, poor leadership quality, excessive political involvement in management appointments, and the politicization of institutional establishment and siting. It highlights major forms of interference such as politically motivated appointments, manipulation of staff recruitment, imbalanced resource allocation, and compromised student admissions. These interferences have produced far-reaching consequences such as corruption, poor institutional performance, regional imbalance, weak leadership structures, and declining academic standards. The paper concludes that limited administrative autonomy exposes higher institutions in Bayelsa State to political and external pressure, thereby hindering effective governance and sustainable academic development. It recommends restoring full autonomy through legislation, adopting merit-based recruitment and leadership selection, ensuring financial independence via first-line charges, and strengthening internal accountability mechanisms to safeguard the integrity of higher education in Nigeria.
Administrative Autonomy, Bayelsa State, External Interference, Higher Education, , Institutional Governance.
STRATEGIES OF BLOCKING FINANCIAL LEAKAGES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF UNIVERSITIES IN BAYELSA STATE
Financial leakage refers to the loss or wastage of funds within an economic system or organization. It occurs when money is spent or lost unnecessarily, inefficiently, or without generating any value in return. Reducing financial leakage requires organizations to implement effective financial management practices, improve transparency and accountability, streamline processes, and identify areas where funds are being wasted or mismanaged. By addressing these issues, organizations can minimize financial leakage and improve overall financial performance. The study examined strategies of blocking financial leakages in the management of universities in Bayelsa State. The study concludes accountability, budgeting and regular auditing and evaluation as well utilization of financial accounting softwares in payment and registration of students are effective strategies to tame and control financial leakages in the university management system.
Blocking, Financial Leakages, Management, Strategies and University.
IMPEDIMENTS AGAINST CYBERCRIME INVESTIGATION IN YENAGOA: THE DETECTIVE PERSPECTIVE
The integration of technology in human daily endeavours has kept the word cybercrime on the lips of practically everyone. As the level of technological dependency increases due to unsatisfiable human needs, cybercrime has also gained global popularity. Thus, it has become a topic for discuss amongst individuals, corporate groups, nation states and international organizations and agencies. With continuous dependence on technological advancement, cybercriminals adopt advanced methods of exploiting system vulnerabilities, increasing the landscape of cyber threat in a sophisticated manner. Therefore, making it cumbersome and cost effective for law enforcement agencies to identify, trace, apprehend, convict and prosecute cybercriminals. The intent of this paper is to explore the various methods and patterns of cybercrime investigation and the impediments against successive convictions and prosecutions of cybercriminals by detectives in Yenagoa. Qualitative research method is employed while thematic analysis is utilized for data analysis. The study delves the two general categories of cybercrime investigation as digital forensics and open-source intelligence while both internal and external challenges were spotted as impediments. Internal issues highlighted a lack of logistics support, limited access to advanced technological resources, inadequate specialized training etc. External hurdles encompass victim non-cooperation, the anonymous nature of criminals, insignificant collaboration with other sister agencies, and the complex nature of collecting and preserving digital evidence admissible in court, among other factors. The paper concludes with recommendations to tackle the challenges that impede apprehension, conviction and prosecution of cybercriminals in the cause of cybercrime investigation.
Cybercrime, Cybercrime Investigation, Open-source Intelligence, Detective
PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES THROUGH DIGITAL ETHICS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE.
The study examined how digital ethics can be used to promote sustainable agricultural practices in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Specifically, the study investigated the extent to which digital ethics is integrated into agricultural education curricula, its influence on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills, and institutional strategies for embedding digital ethics. The study was guided by three (3) research questions. The study adopted a descriptive survey design A sample size was determined using stratified random sampling techniques to select 300 students and 50 lecturers, the target population is 350 in three tertiary institutions The instrument for data collection was a self - structured questionnaire designed in a 5-point rating scale of very high extent, high extent, low extent and very low extent with a numeric value of 5,4,3,2 and 1respectively. The instrument was validated by two experts in measurement and evaluation in the faculty of education, a reliability coefficient established through test–retest. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the research questions with a criterion mean value of 3.00. Findings from the study revealed that digital ethics is moderately integrated into agricultural education curricula. Furthermore, strategies such as curriculum review, capacity building, ICT infrastructure improvement, and partnerships with stakeholders were identified as essential for embedding digital ethics in agricultural education. The study concluded that digital ethics enhances the sustainability of agricultural practices when properly integrated into educational systems. The study therefore recommended curriculum reforms, training workshops, ICT policy enforcement, infrastructure strengthening, and collaborations with external partners to promote sustainability in agricultural education.
Promoting, Digital, Ethics; Agricultural Practical, Sustainability; Tertiary Institutions.
ETHICS AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN LEADERSHIP: STRATEGIES FOR EXCELLENCE IN OFFICE MANAGEMENT IN GLOBAL ECONOMY
In the evolving global knowledge economy, effective leadership is increasingly defined by accountability an ethical and professional standard that ensures transparency, trust, and responsibility in decision-making. This paper examines the role of accountability in achieving leadership excellence, with a focus on Office and Information Managers who operate at the intersection of administrative coordination, organizational communication, and data governance. The paper explores how accountability strengthens integrity, enhances performance, and promotes sustainable organizational growth. A brief review of literature reveals that accountable leadership is rooted in ethical principles, openness, and responsiveness to stakeholders. In the knowledge-driven workplace, accountability not only ensures compliance with professional standards but also fosters innovation, teamwork, and trust. The discussion highlights that the global shift toward digitization and information-centric management demands that leaders demonstrate higher levels of ethical awareness and operational transparency. Key strategies for promoting accountability include continuous professional development, ethical leadership training, participatory governance, and the integration of digital accountability tools. The paper concludes that accountability should be institutionalized as a shared value and practice among Office and Information Managers to achieve excellence in the global knowledge economy. Practical recommendations are offered to strengthen organizational frameworks that promote responsible leadership, enhance employee engagement, and ensure ethical use of information resources.
Accountability, Leadership, Office and Information Management, Ethics, Professionalism
ENGINEERING ETHICS AND SAFETY IN INFRASTRUCRURE AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
This study examined the role of engineering ethics in promoting safety within infrastructure and industrial development in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Despite existing safety standards and regulations, ethical lapses continued to pose risks to project outcomes and public safety. A descriptive survey design was used, involving 238 engineers, contractors, and regulatory officials engaged in major projects across the state. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire with confirmed reliability, and respondents were selected via stratified random sampling to ensure representation across stakeholder groups. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were employed to analyse relationships between engineering ethics, safety standards, and causes of ethical failures such as corruption, poor regulatory enforcement, lack of professional training, and weak accountability. The findings revealed that engineering ethics significantly contributed to ensuring safety in infrastructure and industrial projects. The study also found that current safety standards and regulations were effective in accident prevention when properly applied. However, factors such as corruption, inadequate enforcement, insufficient training, and weak institutional accountability were identified as key causes of ethical failures. These results aligned with previous research highlighting the importance of organisational support, leadership, and ethical commitment in enhancing safety compliance. The study concluded that while ethical principles and safety regulations existed, inconsistent enforcement and systemic challenges hindered their effectiveness. It recommended stronger regulatory enforcement, continuous ethics and safety training, and improved transparency to mitigate ethical breaches and promote safer engineering practices.
Engineering ethics, Safety compliance, Regulatory enforcement, Ethical failures, Infrastructure development
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THE ROLE OF WORKPLACE ETHICS AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN DYNAMIC ECONOMIES.
Ethical practices in the workplace and workforce commitment is a vital determinant of firm’s performance in rapidly changing economies characterized by rapid pace of uncertainty. This paper explores the interplay between ethical workplace practices and workforce commitment, relying on secondary data from journals and policy documents. The study highlighted the dimensions of ethical practices in workplace as integrity, fairness, transparency, accountability, and respect and dignity shows how they influence key elements of workforce commitment such as vigor, dedication, absorption, commitment, and discretionary effort. The findings suggest that ethical climates not only strengthen trust and psychological safety but also strengthens employee’s willingness to contribute innovatively and sustainably, even in volatile milieu. The study underscores that workforce commitment serves as a mediating mechanism through which ethical practices translate into adaptive strength organisational outcomes, including adaptability, innovation capacity, sustainability, and stakeholder trust. By synthesizing existing evidence, the paper contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of how organisations in rapidly changing economies can leverage ethical values to strengthen engagement and achieve long-term competitiveness. The review concludes with implications for managers and policymakers stressing the need for continuous reinforcement of ethical standards and the design of engagement strategies that align with evolving economic realities.
Workplace Ethics, Employee Engagement, Organisational Resilience, Dynamic Economics, Ethical Climate.
CYBERSECURITY RISK MANAGEMENT SKILLS NEED OF POSTGRADUATE BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS FOR EFFECTIVE FRAUD DETECTION IN SOUTH-SOUTH PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES.
The study investigated cybersecurity risk management skills need of postgraduate Business Education students for effective fraud detection in South-South Public Universities. The study adopted descriptive research design. Two research questions were posed and two corresponding null hypotheses were formulated to guide the conduct of the study. The population of the study comprised of 386 postgraduate Business Education students in 11 public Universities in South-South Nigeria which also formed the sample. The instrument for data collection was a self-constructed questionnaire titled Cybersecurity Risk Management Skills and Effective Fraud Detection” (CYRIMASEFD) was used in eliciting responses from respondents for this study. The research instrument was validated by two Business Educators and one Measurement and Evaluation expert. Reliability level for the instruments was established using a test-re-test method. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the set of data and the reliability levels were established at a coefficient (r) of 0.84. Mean and standard deviation was used in answering the research questions while ANOVA was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05% level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that to a high extent postgraduate Business Education students need cloud implementation management skill and risk identification management skill for effective fraud detection. Also, the results in hypotheses 1 and 2 shows that there is a significance difference among postgraduate students Reponses on cybersecurity risk management skills need for effective fraud detection. It was recommended among others that; Universities should integrate practical cloud security courses into the curriculum to enhance Business Education students' ability, Institutions should collaborate with cybersecurity experts to provide workshops and seminars on emerging threats, Universities should establish cybersecurity labs where students can gain hands-on experience with fraud detection software, Universities should encourage students to participate in industry-led cybersecurity certification programs to strengthen their security awareness.
Cybersecurity, cloud management skill, risk identification skill, fraud detection
WORKPLACE ETHICS AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN DYNAMIC ECONOMIES AMONG CIVIL SERVANTS IN ABIA STATE
The researcher investigated workplace ethics and employee engagement in dynamic economies among civil servants in Abia state. The study adopted a correlation research design. Two research questions and two hypotheses were asked and answered. The population of the study was 3,647 civil servants in Abia State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 130 respondents (which comprised 66 male and 64 female) for the study. Four point Likert scale was used for data collection. Pearson correlation statistics was used to answer the research questions. The findings revealed that:Workplace ethics strongly and positively influence employee engagement among civil servants in Abia State. Dynamic economic conditions significantly moderate the extent to which workplace ethics influence employee engagement among civil servants in Abia State. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that organizations should establish and enforce strong ethical policies to guide workplace practices, leaders must model ethical behavior to inspire employee trust and commitment, and regular training on workplace ethics should be organized for employees.
Workplace Ethics, Employee Engagement, Dynamic Economies and Civil Servants
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